Matthew Clesson, Sr., the Emigrant, has also been reported to have been born 1649 Ireland.
1 According to J.R. Trumbull's
History of Northamption, Mass.: "Matthew Clesson had three acres which were 'granted to him as the other Irishmen haue it granted theme, not a horn lote.' He was a servant in Northampton and was probably indentured like the others. He was quite prosperous and accumulated considerable property, owning at one time 51 acres of land lying in different parcels, all of which, with the exception of six acres, he purchased. His dwelling house was burned down by the Indians in 1675 and the town made him other grants in compensation for his losses. Matthew Clesson seems to have been something of a man, though the town classed him with the 'other Irishmen.' He was twice married and had a family of ten children, several of whom became prominent citizens of this and other towns in the Valley."
5 Matthew Clesson, Sr., the Emigrant, emigrated from Ireland to Northamption, Massachusetts, as an indentured Irish servant of one of the early English inhabitants of Northampton.
2,5 His dwelling house was burned by the Indians in 1675 (King Philip's War), and the town made him other grants in compensation for his losses.
His wife,
Mary, died on 15 April 1687 in Northampton, Hampshire County, Massachusetts, at age 35, leaving him a widower. DEATH: New England Historic Genealogical Register, Volume 3, April 1849, Register of Deaths in Northampton, MA, page 399, 1687, 15 April, Mary Clesson.
2,6 On 29 February 1704, 400 of French and Indians assaulted the Deerfield fort, took it, and killed or captured 162 of its inhabitants and consumed most of their estates in flames.
Matthew Clesson, Sr., the Emigrant, made a will in 1713. Matthew's will was proved on on 7 November 1716. It mentions two sons, three daughters and wife Susanna.
78 The Journal of the American-Irish Historical Society
35 WEST 39TH STREET, NEW YORK, N. Y.
VOLUME XVII (1918), pages 137-143CORNELIUS MERRY AND MATTHEW CLESSON, PIONEER IRISHMEN OF NORTHAMPTON, MASS.
BY MICHAEL J. O'BRIEN.
In the "Genealogical Dictionary of the First Settlers of New England," Savage mentions "Cornelius Merry, an Irishman," who received a grant of land at Northampton, Mass., in the year 1663, and "
Matthew Clesson, an Irish servant of one of the early inhabitants of Northampton.'' The only other data relative to these pioneer American Irishmen furnished by Savage are the names of their children and the years and places of their birth. Doubtless, they were not considered of sufficient importance to warrant further search on the part of the eminent New England genealogist, but it appears certain, from other information I have gathered regarding them, that they came to America as poor " redemptioners" or bond-servants to New England planters. Yet, notwithstanding the fact that they were of a race proscribed by the Puritanical element and for several years were held in subjection by their "masters," the little of their history that is obtainable proves that in time they rose above their lowly surroundings, for soon after their terms of service had expired, we find them mentioned among the "prosperous owners of land" and active participants in the conflicts between their white neighbors and the redmen.
That these Irish redemptioners, poor and lowly though they were, must have been men of indomitable energy and unyielding will and that they proved in time a valuable acquisition to the country of their adoption we can judge from even the meagre accounts that are obtainable from the records of the time. Cornelius Merry evidently had no love for English law, for it is probable that in his native country he had been subjected to its rigors and hardships, and in the records of the General Court of Massachusetts of the year 1666, there is an entry showing that the Court ordered "Cornelius Merry to be whipt twenty stripes for abusing the authority in this country of the English by seditious speeches." However, it appears that before the order was executed "a portion of this penalty was remitted." It may seem like making a "pun" on his name to say that Cornelius Merry was of a light-hearted and fearless disposition, but, I venture to say that he must have been a man of rare intelligence for those days to be able to make "speeches" that brought down on him the penalties of the law. And when we regard his unusual temerity in the light of later history, is it too much to assume that he anticipated by more than a hundred years the very action taken by the patriots of the Revolution in the memorable days of 1775?
O'Hart
(Irish Pedigrees, Vol. 1, p. 487) declares that the Merrys were a branch of the Irish family of O'Hoolahan, who assumed the name Merry after they were dispossessed of their territory in Hy-Maine in Connacht. The period of their coming to America is not indicated by any of the records or the authorities that I have been able to examine. The usual term of service in Colonial times was five years, and assuming that Cornelius Merry served at least that period and as he received his first grant of land in 1663, it is probable that the time of his arrival was about the year 1658. On referring to James R. Trumbull's "History of Northampton, Mass.," I find the following interesting account of Cornelius Merry,
Matthew Clesson and "other Irishmen" who were residents of that town and of the neighboring towns of Northfield and Deerfield:
"Little sympathy was wasted by the pioneers of Northampton upon the Irish. Willing that natives of the Emerald Isle should become residents, lands were granted to them on conditions expressly prohibiting them from gaining citizenship thereby. Three grants of this character were made before the town had been ten years settled, each containing the prohibitory clause. The first was made to Cornelius Merry in the following language: 'At a leagell town meting there was then granted to Cornelius the Irishman three akers of land upon condition he build vpon it and make improuement of it within one yeer, yet not so as to make him Capabele of acting in any town affaires no more than he had before it was granted to him.' Cornelius Merry was a servant to John Lyman, to whom he was indentured. He purchased a number of acres of land and in 1663 married Rachel Ball. They had seven children, several of whom were prominent citizens of Northfield and Deerfield. When Northfield was first settled he removed to that place, became one of its citizens and the owner of considerable land. 'Merry's Meadow' in that town was so named for him. He was actively engaged in King Phillip's War and participated in the 'Fall's Fight.'
"David 'Thro' was a countryman of Cornelius Merry and he was granted two acres of land 'vpon the same conditions that Cornelius the Irishman was.' There is no record of 'Thro's' land, but 'David Frow' seems to have owned more or less property and the two names probably refer to the same person. He was an Irishman, an indentured servant in Northampton, and after his time was out went to Springfield, where he married Priscilla, widow of William Hunter, in 1678.
"
Matthew Clesson had three acres which were 'granted to him as the other Irishmen haue it granted theme, not a horn lote.' He was a servant in Northampton and was probably indentured like the others. He was quite prosperous and accumulated considerable property, owning at one time 51 acres of land lying in different parcels, all of which, with the exception of six acres, he purchased. His dwelling house was burned down by the Indians in 1675 and the town made him other grants in compensation for his losses.
Matthew Clesson seems to have been something of a man, though the town classed him with the 'other Irishmen.' He was twice married and had a family of ten children, several of whom became prominent citizens of this and other towns in the Valley."
Trumbull says that "these were not the only Irishmen in the place," although he does not mention the others by name. However, the Town records of the eighteenth century contain references to people named Kenny, McKenney, Carey, Moore,Tawney, Dougherty, Burke, Murphy, Larkin, McCoy, and McCarthy, and it maybe that some of these were descended from the "other Irishmen" mentioned by Trumbull. One Patrick Ray, who probably was an Irishman, was of Northfield and was wounded in a fight with the Indians near that place on June 24, 1746.
Trumbull further relates that "nearly all the first emigrants from Ireland were children or young persons who came over for the express purpose of engaging as servants. Some made contracts for their services before embarking, accompanying their masters. Others of both sexes were sold for their passage money, that is, they agreed to serve someone who would pay their passage long enough to settle the account. There were more Irishmen in town than those who have been named, but none of them received direct grants. In 1658, Joseph Parsons was given three acres of meadow land ' for the estate hee had in his Irish man.' His name has not been given and no other reference to him has been found. Very slight allusion is made to Irishmen on the earlier town records, other than has been noticed and it is very probable that their position in life had much to do with the estimation in which they were held."
In the "History of Northfield, Mass.," by J. H. Temple and George Sheldon, there is a short genealogy of the family of Cornelius Merry, of which the following is an exact copy:
"Cornelius Merry; from Ireland; had a grant of land at Northampton in 1663; was in the 'Falls Fight' in 1676; an engager for Newfoundland in 1671; a settler (at Northfield) in 1673 and 1685; married Rachel Ball August 11th, 1663; died before 1716." Their children were:
John, born May 17, 1664, died January 5, 1665
John (zd), born November 9, 1665
Sarah, born January 15, 1668
Rachel, born August 20, 1670
Cornelius, date of birth not stated
Leah, born August, 1681
Hannah, born December 2, 1684
The names of Cornelius Merry,
Matthew Clesson and David "Fro" appear as signers to a petition to the General Court by various inhabitants of Northampton on November 4, 1668, "respecting the laying of Custome of Trybute vpon Corne or other provissions that are brought into the severall Fortes within this Collony" (New Eng. Hist. and Gen. Register, Vol. 9, p. 89). In the same authoritative work (Vol. 4, p. 26), there is a list of "ye severall Inhabitants or Persons within ye Townshipp of Northampton who took the Oath of Aleagence ffebr 8, 1678," and among them were Cornelius Merry and
Matthew Clesson. "David Throw" took the oath of allegiance at Springfield on December 31, 1678. His name appears on the baptismal records as "Throu."
As stated by Trumbull, the Merry family removed from Northampton to Squawkeage, or what is now Northfield, in the year 1673. There is on record a petition to the General Court of Massachusetts dated May 15, 1672, by twenty-three inhabitants of Northampton and other towns, "to grant the petitioners and their associates a convenient quantity of land at Squawkeage for a Village," and among the signers to this petition were Cornelius Merry and
Matthew Clesson. In response to the petition the Court said: "In ansr to the peticon of seuerall the inhabitants of Northampton and other tounes the Court judgeth it meet to declare their readines to grant the petitioners and theire asso- ciats a convenient quantity of land at Squakeage for a Village prouided there be twenty able and honest persons, householders, doe appeare such as this Court shall approue of that shall give in their names to Major Pynchon to be presented to the next Generall Court with ingagement vnder their hands that they will setle vpon the place not less than twenty familjes within eighteene months after the grant." (Massachusetts Records.)
Cornelius Merry lived at Northfield for forty-three years and died at that place in the year 1716, respected by all the people of the town. Some of these were sons of the Selectmen of Northampton who, back in 1663, were unwilling to associate with him on account of his being an Irish servant and who permitted him to become an inhabitant only "on conditions expressly prohibiting him from gaining citizenship thereby!" His son, Cornelius, removed to Hartford, Conn., where he married Bethia Baker, by whom he had nine children, the eldest of whom was Cornelius, born at Hartford on November 15, 1702. I find, all told, five generations of Merrys, the first born of each family having been named Cornelius. On May 17, 1716, Cornelius Merry of Hartford sold to Robert Cooper of Deerfield for £32, "all the allotments of land in Northfield made to his honored father, deceased, except six acres in Bennett's meadow." The family seems to have scattered, and John, son of the old pioneer, is referred to as "of Long Island, 1737." Several people of the name are mentioned as at Haverhill, Edgartown, Taunton and Boston during the last half of the seventeenth century. One of them, "Walter Merry of Boston, shipwright, married Mary Dolen or Dowling on August 18th, 1653." This Walter Merry was a prosperous merchant, for he is described as the owner of "a wharf and warehouse convenient for this trade at the point bearing his name, later called the North Battery." There is nothing to indicate that he was a relative of Cornelius Merry, although Savage couples the names in his account of the family. Thirty-three soldiers of the name Merry and Merrey served in Massachusetts regiments during the War of the Revolution, some of whom I have no doubt were descendants from the Irish redemptioner. One of them, however, Patrick Merry, who afterwards served as a Marine on the American frigate,
Hague, under Captain Manley, was "a native of Ireland." Another of the family, by name Patrick McMerry, enlisted on December 31, 1776, in Colonel Marshall's Ioth Massachusetts regiment "to serve three years," and his name appears in the "Continental Pay Accounts" all through 1780, 1781 and 1782, as a private soldier of the Ioth regiment where he is on record as "belonging to Ireland." He re-enlisted on February 19, 1779, "to serve during the War." He was a resident of Topsfield, Mass.
In the genealogical notes in Sheldon's "History of Deerfield, Mass.," I find the following brief account of the
Clesson family:
"
Matthew Clesson; from Ireland; settled at Northampton; took Oath of Allegiance February 8th, 1678; was Freeman, 1690; made a will in 1713, which was proved November 7th, 1716; removed to Deerfield, where his descendants live." In 1670, he married Mary Phelps and was the father of nine children:
Mary, born August 13, 1672
Thankful, born September 19, 1673
Joseph, born April 23, 1675
Elizabeth, born August, 1677
Mary, born November 20, 1679
William, born January 3, 1680
Matthew, born December 31, 1681
John, born April 1, 1685
Samuel, born April, 1687
The
Clessons came of sturdy stock, and the sons of the Irish "redemptioner" are mentioned very frequently in accounts of the border warfare with the Indians.
Matthew Clesson's son, Joseph, was a soldier in King William's War, and although only 15 years of age at the time, he was one of the American party engaged in the "Pomeroy Pursuit" from the Deerfield garrison in 1688. He was a resident of Deerfield from 1705 to 1709 and of Northampton from 1712 to 1724. In official accounts of the French and Indian wars and of the Indian massacres on the border we read how "Joseph Clesson, while on a scouting expedition, was made captive by a party of French and Indians under de Rouville on June 23d, 1709." He was taken prisoner to Canada, but either escaped or was released, for we find him later an active participant in "Father Rasle's War." He is mentioned as "a Captain of the military forces at Deerfield in 1713." During the French-English war, his son, Joseph, commanded a company of Massachusetts soldiers and died in the service on June 4, 1753, and was buried in the camp burial-ground at Fort William Henry, N. Y. By his wife, Hannah Arms, he was the father of ten children.
Matthew, son of the immigrant was also an Indian fighter and took a prominent part in the battle in which his brother, Joseph, was captured. On June 24, 1709, he received a mortal wound while engaging a party of the savages in defence of the homes of the settlers, and the record says: "said Matthew Clesson dyed 4 days after of his wounds." A Captain Matthew Clesson is mentioned as of Deerfield in 1713, whom I believe to have been a son of Matthew, 2d.
Another
Matthew Clesson, son of Joseph, who was born in I713i was "prominent in civil and military affairs and was in the frontier service under Captain Kellogg at the age of 19" (Clesson Genealogy). In 1747 he led a scouting expedition towards Canada and in 1755 was Lieutenant and died on the expedition to Lake George on October 24, 1756. Several stories are told in local annals of the intrepid daring of this Matthew Clesson and it is evident also that he was one of the prominent men of his day in the Connecticut Valley. I find only one Revolutionary soldier of the name. He also was Matthew Clesson, and he served in a Deerfield company under Lieutenant Charles Dougherty. He was Assessor at Deerfield in 1784 and again in 1793 and 1798. He was of the fifth generation removed from the original Matthew Clesson.
And such men were descendants of the despised Irish "re- demptioner," who, like so many of his countrymen, were driven across the sea by the edicts of the ruthless Cromwell and his successors in Ireland! Much information of this character concerning other Irish families is obtainable from the early American records, if we would only put ourselves to the task of searching for it. Irishmen and their descendants helped to make American history, but they did not write it, and hence it is that so little is known of their struggles and fortunes among unsympathetic strangers in the new country.
51