| Research | | Who Was Who in Literature, 1906-1934. Based on entries that first appeared in Literary Yearbook (1906-1913), Literary Yearbook and Author's Who's Who (1914-1917), Literary Yearbook (1920-1922), and Who's Who in Literature (1924-1934). Two volumes. Detroit: Gale Research, 1979. (WhLit)
Biography Index. A cumulative index to biographical material in books and magazines. Volume 14: September, 1984-August, 1986. New York: H.W. Wilson Co., 1986. (BioIn 14)
Biography Index. A cumulative index to biographical material in books and magazines. Volume 22: September, 1996-August 1997. New York: H.W. Wilson Co., 1997. (BioIn 22)
Biography Index. A cumulative index to biographical material in books and magazines. Volume 23: September, 1997-August 1998. New York: H.W. Wilson Co., 1998. (BioIn 23)
The Cambridge Guide to Literature in English. Edited by Ian Ousby. London: Hamlyn Publishing Group. (CamGLE)
The Cambridge Guide to World Theatre. Edited by Martin Banham. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 1988. (CamGWoT)
Chambers's Cyclopaedia of English Literature. A history critical and biographical of authors in the English tongue from the earliest times till the present day with specimens of their writings. Volume III: 19th-20th Century. Edited by David Patrick, revised by J. Liddell Geddie. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott, 1938. Use the Index to locate biographies. (Chambr 3)
The Concise Encyclopedia of Modern Drama. By Siegfried Melchinger. Translated by George Wellwarth. Edited by Henry Popkin. New York: Horizon Press, 1964. Biographies begin on page 159. (CnMD)
Contemporary Authors. A bio-bibliographical guide to current writers in fiction, general nonfiction, poetry, journalism, drama, motion pictures, television, and other fields. Volume 110. Detroit: Gale Research, 1984. (ConAu 110)
Dictionary of Literary Biography. Volume 10: Modern British Dramatists, 1900-1945. Two parts. Edited by Stanley Weintraub. Detroit: Gale Research, 1982. (DcLB 10) Biography contains portrait.
The Encyclopedia of World Theater. Translated by Estella Schmid, edited by Martin Esslin. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1977. Based on Friedrichs Theaterlexikon, by Karl Groning and Werner Kliess. (EncWT)
The Entertainers. Edited by Clive Unger-Hamilton. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1980. Use the 'Index of Entries,' beginning on page 306, to locate biographies. (Ent)
Great Writers of the English Language. Dramatists. Edited by James Vinson. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1979. (GrWrEL DR)
The Lincoln Library of Language Arts. Third edition. Two volumes. Columbus, OH: Frontier Press Co., 1978. Biographies begin on page 345 of Volume 1 and are continued in Volume 2. (LinLib L)
Longman Companion to Twentieth Century Literature. By A.C. Ward. London: Longman Group, 1970. (LngCTC)
McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of World Drama. First edition. Four volumes. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1972. (McGEWD 1)
McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of World Drama. Second edition. Five volumes. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1984. (McGEWD 2)
Modern World Drama. An encyclopedia. By Myron Matlaw. New York: Dutton, 1972. (ModWD)
The New Century Handbook of English Literature. Revised edition. Edited by Clarence L. Barnhart with the assistance of William D. Halsey. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1967. (NewC)
Notable Names in the American Theatre. Clifton, NJ: James T. White & Co., 1976. Earlier edition published as The Biographical Encyclopaedia and Who's Who of the American Theatre. 'Necrology' section begins on page 343. This book often alphabetizes by titles of address, e.g.: Dr., Mrs., and Sir. (NotNAT B)
The Oxford Companion to the Theatre. Third edition. Edited by Phyllis Hartnoll. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press, 1967. (OxCThe 3)
The Oxford Companion to the Theatre. Fourth edition. Edited by Phyllis Hartnoll. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press, 1983. (OxCThe 4)
The Oxford Companion to Twentieth-Century Literature in English. Edited by Jenny Stringer. New York: Oxford University Press, 1996. (OxCTwCL)
The Oxford Encyclopedia of Theatre & Performance. Two volumes. Edited by Dennis Kennedy. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003. (OxEncTP)
Reference Guide to English Literature. Second edition. Three volumes. Edited by D.L. Kirkpatrick. Chicago: St. James Press, 1991. (RfGEnL)
Chambers Biographical Dictionary. Sixth edition. Edited by Melanie Parry. New York: Larousse Kingfisher Chambers, 1997. (ChamBiD)
Contemporary Authors. A bio-bibliographical guide to current writers in fiction, general nonfiction, poetry, journalism, drama, motion pictures, television, and other fields. Volume 178. Detroit: Gale Group, 2000. (ConAu 178)
The Continuum Companion to Twentieth Century Theatre. Edited by Colin Chambers. London: Continuum, 2002. (ContCTwCT)
The Continuum Encyclopedia of British Literature. Edited by Steven R. Serafin and Valerie Grosvenor Myer. New York: Continuum International Publishing Group, 2003. (ContEnBL)
International Dictionary of Theatre. Volume 2:Playwrights. Edited by Mark Hawkins-Dady. Detroit: St. James Press, 1994. (IntDcT 2)
Biography Index. A cumulative index to biographical material in books and magazines. Volume 13: September, 1982-August, 1984. New York: H.W. Wilson Co., 1984. (BioIn 13)
Biography Index. A cumulative index to biographical material in books and magazines. Volume 14: September, 1984-August, 1986. New York: H.W. Wilson Co., 1986. (BioIn 14)
Biography Index. A cumulative index to biographical material in books and magazines. Volume 23: September, 1997-August 1998. New York: H.W. Wilson Co., 1998. (BioIn 23)
A Dictionary of Literature in the English Language. From Chaucer to 1940. Compiled and edited by Robin Myers. Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1970. (DcLEL A)
The Dictionary of National Biography. 1912-1921. Edited by H.W.C. Davis and J.R.H. Weaver. London: Oxford University Press, 1927. (DcNaB 1912)
Everyman's Dictionary of Literary Biography, English and American. Compiled after John W. Cousin by D.C. Browning. Revised edition. New York: Dutton. (EvLB)
The New Cambridge Bibliography of English Literature. Five volumes. Edited by George Watson. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 1969-1977. Use the index in Volume 5 to locate entries. (NewCBEL)
The Oxford Companion to English Literature. Fourth edition. Compiled and edited by Sir Paul Harvey, revised by Dorothy Eagle. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press, 1967. (OxCEng 4)
The Oxford Companion to English Literature. Fifth edition. Edited by Margaret Drabble. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press, 1985. (OxCEng 5)
The Oxford Companion to English Literature. Revised fifth edition. Edited by Margaret Drabble. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press, 1995. (OxCEng 5R)
The Oxford Companion to English Literature. Sixth edition. Edited by Margaret Drabble. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press, 2000. (OxCEng 6)
The Reader's Encyclopedia. Second edition. By William Rose Benet. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell Co., 1965. (REn)
Twentieth Century Authors. A biographical dictionary of modern literature. Edited by Stanley J. Kunitz and Howard Haycraft. New York: H.W. Wilson Co., 1942. (TwCA)
Twentieth Century Writing. A reader's guide to contemporary literature. Edited by Kenneth Richardson. Levittown, NY: Transatlantic Arts, 1971. (TwCWr)
World Authors. 1900-1950. Four volumes. Edited by Martin Seymour- Smith and Andrew C. Kimmens. New York: H. W. Wilson Co., 1996. (WorAu 1900) Biography contains portrait.
Biography Index. A cumulative index to biographical material in books and magazines. Volume 22: September, 1996-August 1997. New York: H.W. Wilson Co., 1997. (BioIn 22)2 |
| Biography | | Stanley Houghton
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Stanley Houghton
Born February 22, 1881(1881-02-22)
England
Died December 10, 1913 (aged 32)
England
Occupation playwright
(William) Stanley Houghton (22 February 1881–10 December 1913) was an English playwright. He was a prominent member, together with Allan Monkhouse and Harold Brighouse, of a group known as the Manchester School of dramatists. His best known play is Hindle Wakes.
Early life
Stanley Houghton was born at 1 Amy Villas, Doveston Road, Ashton-upon-Mersey, Sale, which was then in Cheshire, the only son of John Hartley Houghton, a cotton merchant, and Lucy Mary née Darbyshire.[1] In 1896, the family moved to 2 Athol Road, Alexandra Park, Manchester, some two miles from the city centre.[2] Houghton was educated at Bowdon College and at Manchester Grammar School. On leaving school in 1897, he started working full time in his father's office and continued to do this until 1912. During this time he was an amateur actor and writer. In 1905–06 he was an unpaid drama critic for the Manchester City News and between 1905 and 1913 he contributed articles, theatrical notices and literary reviews to the Manchester Guardian. He also wrote a number of unpublished plays.[1]
[edit] Career
Houghton's first productions were The Intrigues at the Athenaeum Society, Manchester on 19 October 1906, The Reckoning at the Queen's Theatre, London on 22 July 1907, and The Dear Departed at the Gaiety Theatre, Manchester on 2 November 1908. The last of these plays was the first of many to be produced at the Gaiety Theatre, Britain's first regional repertory theatre. This theatre was owned and managed by Annie Horniman who encouraged local writers. Other plays to receive their premières at the Gaiety were Independent Means on 30 August 1909, The Younger Generation on 21 November 1910, The Master of the House on 26 September 1910, and Fancy-Free on 6 November 1911. For a time, Houghton was the honorary secretary of the Manchester Athenaeum Dramatic Society, and frequently gave his services as a producer.[3]
Houghton's greatest success came with his play Hindle Wakes, which was first performed by Horniman's company at the Aldwych Theatre, London, on 16 June 1912.[1]It had a long run in London, and remains his best known work. Later in the same year The Younger Generation was successfully produced at the Haymarket Theatre, London, with Trust the People the following year at the Garrick Theatre and The Perfect Cure at the Apollo Theatre.[4]
Following the success of Hindle Wakes, Houghton left his office job in 1912 to become a full-time dramatist and moved to London. Here he became part of the city's dramatic and literary culture. The following year he moved to Paris where he started to write a novel entitled Life. During the summer of that year he developed viral pneumonia in Venice and moved back to Manchester where he died in December from meningitis. He was cremated in Manchester crematorium, leaving an estate of £5,488. He was unmarried. In 1915 a memorial tablet was unveiled in the Manchester Reference Library.[1]
[edit] Influences and works
Houghton was influenced strongly by Ibsen, yet he wrote no propagandist plays other than Independent Needs. His plays are set locally in Northern England, but represent universal aspects of human nature. Other writers to have had an influence on him were George Bernard Shaw, Oscar Wilde and St John Hankin.[1] A collection of material relating to Houghton, including unpublished plays and photographs, is held in the University of Salford.[5]
[edit] References
1. ^ Victor Emeljanow, ‘Houghton, (William) Stanley (1881–1913)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 [1], accessed 17 November 2008
2. ^ Mortimer, (1984) The Life and Literary Career of W. Stanley Houghton, (University of Salford PhD Thesis). p. 9.
3. ^ Angus-Butterworth, L. M. (1980), Lancashire Literary Worthies, W.C. Henderson and Son, p. 89
4. ^ William Stanley Houghton, Classic Encyclopaedia, http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/William_Stanley_Houghton, retrieved 17 November 2008
5. ^ Stanley Houghton Collection, University of Salford, http://www.ils.salford.ac.uk/library/resources/special/houghton.xml, retrieved 17 November 2008
Houghton, William Stanley, 1881–1913, English dramatist. He was (1907–12) a critic for the Manchester Guardian. His plays, greatly influenced by Ibsen, include The Dear Departed (1908), The Younger Generation (1910), and his best work, Hindle Wakes (1912). He was one of the best of a group of realistic playwrights often called the Manchester school.
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